Age-related hearing loss, or presbycusis, is common among older adults and affects millions worldwide. Within the adult population experiencing hearing loss, over 30% are aged 65 or older. 92% of cases manifest as sensorineural hearing loss, affecting both ears equally.
The main concern is losing independence, struggling with daily activities, and communication challenges. Addressing communication barriers can alleviate stress and mental strain. Presbycusis encompasses structural, neural degeneration, and genetic predisposition. Common factors accelerating this process include noise exposure, accidents, ototoxic medications, hypertension, diet, alcohol, and smoking.
Initially, high-frequency sounds become harder to discern, especially amidst background noise. As hearing worsens, more sound frequencies are affected, complicating comprehension and sound localization. Inadequate hearing jeopardizes physical safety, hindering the ability to hear essential sounds like car horns or alarms. Additionally, it may lead to tinnitus, dizziness, balance issues, cognitive decline, falls, and dementia. Difficulty communicating contributes to social isolation, depression, and loss of confidence.
While medication or surgery can treat some cases, hearing aids, rehabilitation therapies, and communication aids are often more effective. Early intervention and continuous monitoring are vital for maximizing hearing aid benefits and enhancing quality of life. Creating inclusive environments that facilitate communication and participation is crucial.
In summary, presbycusis poses significant challenges, but appropriate treatment and support can mitigate its negative effects and improve affected individuals’ lives.
